| 青铜材料的稀有和青铜铸造工艺的先进性 |
| 添加时间：2020/5/29 15:42:14 浏览次数： |
| 青铜材料的稀有和青铜铸造工艺的先进性，使得它与陶器、木器和石器等沉沦于日常物用的器具，走上了截然不同的发展道路。青铜鼎、簋、尊、盘、爵等作为食具、酒具、盛水器等实用功能与作为礼器在先民精神生活中标出的意义是互为表里、融贯一致的。可以说，没有古代青铜器，就不可能有商、周以来文质彬彬的贵族等级体制和先秦时代特色独具的权力表达系统。古代文明体制的核心，即所谓的"礼、乐、征伐自天子出"、"国之大事，在祀与戎"，无不与青铜文化有着千丝万缕的联系。 The rare bronze materials and the advanced technology of bronze casting make it go on a completely different path with pottery, wood and stone tools, etc. The practical functions of bronze Ding, Zhen, Zun, pan and Jue as food utensils, wine utensils and water holding utensils are consistent with the meaning of ritual utensils in the spiritual life of ancestors. It can be said that without ancient bronzes, there would be no aristocratic hierarchy system of gentleness since Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty and a unique power expression system of pre Qin era. The core of ancient civilization system, namely the so-called "rites, music, expedition from the son of heaven" and "national affairs, in worship and military", all have inextricably linked with bronze culture. 青铜容器在古代常常被用作礼器。商周社会以严格反映等级制度的规章仪式，即所谓"礼"来维护政治、经济权力，而祭祀则是沟通人、神，使人间秩序神圣化的中心环节。青铜器在祭器中占据了很大份额，是贵族宗室内部族长和作为天下"共主"的天子主持祭祀必备的礼器。此外，青铜器的制作和赠与也与商、周时代贵族间婚媾、宴享、朝拜、会盟和铭功颂德等礼制活动紧密相关。 Bronze vessels were often used as ritual vessels in ancient times. In the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the so-called "Rites" were used to maintain political and economic power, which strictly reflected the hierarchical system of rules and rituals, while sacrificial rites were the central link to communicate people and gods and to sanctify the human order. Bronze wares occupy a large share in the sacrificial vessels, which are the necessary sacrificial vessels for the head of aristocratic clan and the emperor, who is the world's "co owner". In addition, the production and gift of bronze ware are closely related to the ritual activities such as marriage, banquet, worship, alliance, inscription, tribute and morality among nobles in the Shang and Zhou dynasties. |
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